RFID Technology: How It Works, Types, and Applications Explained
RFID
(radio frequency identification) is a wireless communication technology that
uses electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency region of
the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object, animal, or human.
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| RFIDEAS Reader |
What are RFID tags and smart labels?
Majorly, there
are two RFID tags types:
Active RFID: An active RFID tag has its own power
source, usually a battery.
Passive RFID: The reading antenna generates an
electromagnetic wave that produces a current in the RFID tag's antenna, which
powers the passive RFID tag.
There are
also semi-passive RFID tags, which use a battery to power the electronics while
the RFID reader powers the connection.
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| USB RFIDEAS Reader |
Every RFID
system including USB RFIDEAS reader
relies heavily on embedded non-volatile memory with low power consumption. RFID
tags generally store less than 2,000 KB of data, which includes a unique
identifier/serial number. Tags can be read-only or read-write, allowing the
reader to add new data or overwrite current data.
RFID tag
read ranges vary depending on parameters such as tag type, reader type, RFID
frequency, and interference from the surrounding environment or other RFID tags
and readers. Active RFID tags have a longer scan range than passive RFID tags
because of their higher power supply.
Smart
labels are basic RFID tags. These labels have an RFID tag inserted in an
adhesive label and a barcode. They can also be utilised with RFID and barcode
scanners. Smart labels may be generated on-demand using desktop printers, but
RFID tags require more complex technology.
What are the different types of RFID
systems?
Low-frequency RFID systems: These frequencies range from 30-500
kHz, with 125 kHz being the most prevalent. LF RFID has short transmission
ranges, ranging from a few inches to less than 6 feet.
A high-frequency RFID system: These span from 3 to 30 MHz, with the
usual HF frequency being 13.56 MHz. The usual range varies from a few inches to
many feet.
UHF RFID systems: These vary from 300 MHz to 960 MHz,
with a typical frequency of 433 MHz, and can be read from distances of 25 feet
or more.
Microwave RFID systems: These operate at 2.45 GHz and can be
read from more than 30 feet away.
The
frequency utilised will vary depending on the RFIDEAS Reader application, and real distances may differ from what
is intended.
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